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  3. Java/C++/C语言/PHP/Python运算符优先级对照表

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Java C++ C语言 PHP Python
Java 运算符优先级
运算符 优先级
postfix expr++ expr--
unary ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
multiplicative * / %
additive + -
shift << >> >>>
relational < > <= >= instanceof
equality == !=
bitwise AND &
bitwise exclusive OR ^
bitwise inclusive OR |
logical AND &&
logical OR ||
ternary ? :
assignment = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=
C++运算符优先级
Precedence Operator Description Associativity
1 :: Scope resolution Left-to-right
2 ++   -- Suffix/postfix increment and decrement
() Function call
[] Array subscripting
. Element selection by reference
-> Element selection through pointer
3 ++   -- Prefix increment and decrement Right-to-left
+   - Unary plus and minus
!   ~ Logical NOT and bitwise NOT
(type) Type cast
* Indirection (dereference)
& Address-of
sizeof Size-of
new, new[] Dynamic memory allocation
delete, delete[] Dynamic memory deallocation
4 .*   ->* Pointer to member Left-to-right
5 *   /   % Multiplication, division, and remainder
6 +   - Addition and subtraction
7 <<   >> Bitwise left shift and right shift
8 <   <= For relational operators < and ≤ respectively
>   >= For relational operators > and ≥ respectively
9 ==   != For relational = and ≠ respectively
10 & Bitwise AND
11 ^ Bitwise XOR (exclusive or)
12 | Bitwise OR (inclusive or)
13 && Logical AND
14 || Logical OR
15 ?: Ternary conditional Right-to-Left
16 = Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes)
+=   -= Assignment by sum and difference
*=   /=   %= Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder
<<=   >>= Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift
&=   ^=   |= Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR
17 throw Throw operator (for exceptions)
18 , Comma Left-to-right
C语言运算符优先级
Precedence Operator Description Associativity
1 ++ -- Suffix/postfix increment and decrement Left-to-right
() Function call
[] Array subscripting
. Structure and union member access
-> Structure and union member access through pointer
(type){list} Compound literal(C99)
2 ++ -- Prefix increment and decrement Right-to-left
+ - Unary plus and minus
! ~ Logical NOT and bitwise NOT
(type) Type cast
* Indirection (dereference)
& Address-of
sizeof Size-of
_Alignof Alignment requirement(C11)
3 * / % Multiplication, division, and remainder Left-to-right
4 + - Addition and subtraction
5 << >> Bitwise left shift and right shift
6 < <= For relational operators < and ≤ respectively
> >= For relational operators > and ≥ respectively
7 == != For relational = and ≠ respectively
8 & Bitwise AND
9 ^ Bitwise XOR (exclusive or)
10 | Bitwise OR (inclusive or)
11 && Logical AND
12 || Logical OR
13 ?: Ternary conditional Right-to-Left
14 = Simple assignment
+= -= Assignment by sum and difference
*= /= %= Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder
<<= >>= Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift
&= ^= |= Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR
15 , Comma Left-to-right
PHP运算符优先级
结合方向 运算符 附加信息
非结合 clone new clone 和 new
左 [ array()
非结合 ++ -- 递增／递减运算符
非结合 ~ - (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) (bool) @ 类型
非结合 instanceof 类型
右结合 ! 逻辑操作符
左 * / % 算术运算符
左 + - . 算术运算符 和 字符串运算符
左 << >> 位运算符
非结合 < <= > >= <> 比较运算符
非结合 == != === !== 比较运算符
左 & 位运算符 和 引用
左 ^ 位运算符
左 | 位运算符
左 && 逻辑运算符
左 || 逻辑运算符
左 ? : 三元运算符
右 = += -= *= /= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= 赋值运算符
左 and 逻辑运算符
左 xor 逻辑运算符
左 or 逻辑运算符
左 , 多处用到

这个表给出Python的运算符优先级（从低到高）.

从最低的优先级（最松散地结合）到最高的优先级（最紧密地结合）。

这意味着在一个表达式中，Python会首先计算表中较下面的运算符，然后在计算列在表上部的运算符。

Python 运算符优先级
运算符 描述
lambda Lambda表达式
or 布尔“或”
and 布尔“与”
not x 布尔“非”
in，not in 成员测试
is，is not 同一性测试
<，<=，>，>=，!=，== 比较
| 按位或
^ 按位异或
& 按位与
<<，>> 移位
+，- 加法与减法
*，/，% 乘法、除法与取余
+x，-x 正负号
~x 按位翻转
** 指数
x.attribute 属性参考
x[index] 下标
x[index:index] 寻址段
f(arguments...) 函数调用
(experession,...) 绑定或元组显示
[expression,...] 列表显示
{key:datum,...} 字典显示
'expression,...' 字符串转换